Education India Project #19979

Eye Screening for Premature Babies

by Vittala International Institute of Ophthalmology

Project Report | Feb 11, 2021
eye - specialised sense organ

By DR KRISHNA R MURTHY | PROJECT LEADER

fundus photo of stage 3 rop

The smaller a baby is at birth, the greater their chance of having retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), an eye disorder that can lead to vision loss. But most babies who are born with it get better over time. A baby's eyes begin to develop around the 16th week of pregnancy. If they're born very early, this process is cut short. The blood vessels in their eyes don't have enough time to develop as they should. Instead, they grow where they're not supposed to. Or they can be so fragile that they bleed or leak. ROP can be mild and may resolve spontaneously, but it may lead to blindness in serious cases.

1. A 10 weeks male baby born in 26 weeks of gestation weighing 750 gms was seen on 02.12.2020 by Dr.Krishna R Murthy. Eye fundus photos of the baby showed presence of ROP in stage 2 in zone 2 in both eyes with plus disease. The baby was advised for laser treatment to both eyes. In stage 2 ROP the demarcation line develops into a ridge, with height and width, between the vascular retina and peripheral retina.

The baby underwent laser treatment on 03.12.2020.

2. A 6 weeks female baby born in 29 weeks of gestation weighing 1800 gms was seen on 16.12.2020 by Dr.Krishna R Murthy. Eye fundus photos of the baby showed presence of ROP in stage 3 in zone 1 in both eyes with plus disease. The baby was advised for laser treatment to both eyes at the earliest. Stage 3 is where new blood vessels start to grow out of the ridge. These blood vessels are very weak and they will cause vision problems if they start to scar. In stage 3 ROP the blood vessels grow and multiply (proliferate) and are visible in the ridge

The baby underwent laser treatment on 17.12.2020.

10 weeks male baby treated with laser

6 weeks female baby treated with laser

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Oct 15, 2020
Timely treatment

By DR KRISHNA R MURTHY | PROJECT LEADER

Jun 17, 2020
TREATMENT THERAPY

By DR KRISHNA R MURTHY | PROJECT LEADER

9 WEEKS BABY TREATED FOR ROP

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a potentially avoidable cause of irreversible, and usually total blindness in infants who are born premature. This occurred because all preterm infants were given 100% oxygen whether they needed it or not. Oxygen is highly toxic to blood vessels, including those in the retina. Blindness from ROP can be controlled by –·

reducing the incidence through excellent neonatal care·
detecting and treating infants who develop the severe stages of disease

Infants with ROP have a massively increased risk of other pathology: high degrees of myopia; squint; cortical brain damage. They require long term regular follow up so these problems can be detected and managed.

1. A 9 weeks male baby born in 33 weeks of gestation weighing 1130 gms was seen on 23.04.2020 by Dr.Krishna R Murthy. Eye fundus photos of the baby showed presence of ROP in both eyes in stage 2 in zone 1 in both eyes with no plus disease. The baby was advised for close follow up. In 10^th week the baby was advised of advised of laser intervention to both eyes at the earliest as fundus photos showed plus disease in both eyes. The baby underwent laser treatment on 05.05.2020.

2. A 3 months old female baby with sepsis, low birth weight born in 7^th month with 1.2 kgs was seen on 04.03.2020 by Dr.Krishna R Murthy. The baby’s parents gave a history of surgery of left hip arthrotomy on 19/12/2019. Eye fundus photos of the baby showed presence of ROP in both eyes in stage 4; left eye worse than right eye. The baby was advised for Vitrectomy surgery to left eye to attach the retina. The baby underwent Vitrectomy surgery on 08.05.2020.

As the baby was 3 months old, it required ICU backup + neonatal care services post surgery. After completion of surgery the baby was shifted to other hospital which was equipped with ICU & neonatal care services.

Plan of treatment

The surgery lasted for 2 hrs 30 min & was uneventful. Post surgery, the baby was shifted to ICU equipped hospital with a round the clock nursing staff and neonatologist. The baby was in intensive care unit & monitored for 1 day & was discharged with an advice for compliance to follow-up. As on 12.05.2020 the baby is doing well.

3 MONTHS OLD BABY OPERATED WITH VITRECTOMY

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