By Aimee Petersen | Chief Development Officer
For two African Lion brothers named Hunter and Simba, life has been anything but easy. Both suffered severe physical and nutritional abuse as young cubs, leaving them with permanent neurological damage that affects their ability to walk, run, and interact with the world around them. Yet, despite the challenges they have faced throughout their lives, these two remarkable Lions have never lost their playful personalities or their enthusiasm for life!
The brothers were originally held at a pseudo-sanctuary in Mexico, where they endured years of mistreatment and inadequate nutrition. Their previous owners eventually decided they no longer wanted to care for them and tragically made plans to shoot the brothers before a veterinarian intervened. Thankfully, Hunter and Simba eventually found their way to the Invictus Foundation, an animal welfare organization based in Pachuca, Mexico, that The Wild Animal Sanctuary has worked with for more than a decade.
When our Sanctuary was contacted to help rescue a group of 11 animals from Mexico, including Hunter and Simba, we immediately began working to bring them to Colorado, where they could receive the specialized care and lifelong homes they desperately needed. In November 2024, the brothers, along with nine other rescued animals, finally made the journey to The Wild Animal Sanctuary!
Although their difficult pasts were now behind them, the lasting effects of the abuse they suffered would continue to present unique challenges throughout their lives.
Both had nerve damage but were still able to walk and move about. However, when they did walk or even attempt to run, they did so in an extremely uncoordinated manner. It was sad to see two large male African Lions who had lost the typical grace, power and majesty that is commonly associated with male African Lions… but in an odd twist of fate, these two brothers remained incredibly happy to be alive!
When they received attention and praise from their human caregivers, both boys did everything in their power to run, play and prance in delight. Of course, they did this in a most uncoordinated fashion, and with numerous trips, falls and epic failures. Yet they couldn't care less and were plainly happy to be alive and being the focus of so much love and attention!
Upon their arrival, Hunter and Simba were given a spacious indoor/outdoor “condo” located within our Bolivian Lion House, where they could be regularly assessed by our in-house medical staff.
The brothers were able to spend time acclimating in that space for several months while they were fed a worldclass diet and received ongoing veterinary care. Their close bond and constant need for companionship became apparent almost immediately and continues to strengthen over time. From nearly the first day they arrived, their deep love for each other has been displayed in many ways.
It’s during these moments where we can see how they are now feeling safe – perhaps for the first times in their lives. Yet, as comfortable as they may be, they do have specific physical and mental issues that will continue to require special accommodation for the rest of their lives. With their significant brain damage being outwardly apparent through a tunnel-vision-like muted awareness, both brothers have a noticeable delay in their ability to focus and react to interactive situations.
Additionally, their conformation and overall physiques display abnormalities that are mostly a result of poor nutrition when they were young. Both boys are shorter than normal, with their legs and other skeletal structures showing signs of being slightly twisted or deformed in certain ways. However, even with these significant physical and neurological challenges, both Hunter and Simba have grown up in a world where their unique challenges have always been part of the everyday landscape.
Thankfully, they are both capable of running and playing – but often do so looking like a couple of intoxicated humans after drinking half the night at a local bar. Rather than being the powerful and majestic creatures they should be… both seem to have found ways to adapt and still see themselves as regal male lions. Thankfully, we too have come to realize they have grown up in a world where their lack of coordination and inability to focus has no negative effect on their spirits or general outlook on life.
Although they may not function with the same strength and intensity as their fellow counterparts, they are truly happy boys who wake up every morning with a positive outlook on life! Seeing how happy they are now, and how hard they have worked to live a normal life, we decided to give them a chance to have their very own pride. Our hope was they would be able to assimilate with two female lions who had recently come from a situation where their patriarch passed due to a terminal medical issue.
With this in mind, the day finally came when our Animal Care team believed they were ready for the next step – which involved “graduating” to a large acreage habitat! The plan was to let the boys get used to the space for a week or two before letting the two female lions join them. Since the two girls, Xinna and Gigi, had been in that habitat previously, they would not require any time of their own to adjust before the introduction took place.
Given the 10-acre habitat was large enough for each set of lions to have ample space if they needed it during the initial stages of them getting to know each other, we felt the introduction could take place as soon as the boys showed signs of being comfortable within the space. During the time the boys were out roaming the habitat unrestricted, we did bring the girls into an introduction enclosure within the habitat so they would be available for the boys to see, smell, and get used to. This, of course, also gave the girls an opportunity as well to see how the boys ambulated differently, as well as being shorter than what the girls were used to.
Giving them this opportunity would definitely help, just so both pairs of lions would be more familiar with each other, rather than if we were forced to just introduce them as complete strangers. Thankfully, during the seven or so days that we maintained this setup, we did see a lot of close-up interaction between the boys and girls. There didn’t seem to be much controversial behavior, nor were there any clear arguments or highly defensive actions during this time, so we decided to go forward with the full introduction.
To do this, we waited until the boys were far off at one end of the habitat and then let the girls come out of their enclosure. Given African lions and most other large carnivore species are incredibly smart, the girls knew what we were doing and chose to go and lie down in a high area of the habitat. This allowed them to watch the boys and somewhat prepare for their eventual arrival.
With Hunter and Simba’s focusing issues being present, they did not initially realize Gigi and Xinna were out. Yet, during their daily patrol of the habitat’s perimeter, they eventually came upon the girls lying in their advantageous spot. Initially, Hunter’s instincts kicked in and he approached the girls with a propped-up posture.
Of course, when we say Hunter had a propped-up posture, we mean it was the best walking tough-guy look he could muster. Simba too added his own version of the macho lion look as he followed Hunter. Given there are hundreds of thousands of years of evolutionary instincts and behavior that remains in these four lions, it was normal for both sets of lions to be ready in case the one or the other had bad intentions.
As Hunter got closer to their position, the girls made the choice to get up and move, rather than sit still and not be sure what his ultimate intentions were. By moving instead of remaining still, Hunter and Simba interpreted the girls’ movement as a “chase” situation and followed them as they walked away. Of course, the girls were not comfortable with the boys coming up behind them, so they chose to lie down again.
By doing this, they were letting the boys know they were not running away, and that they were not upset or being aggressive themselves. Even so, with the boys having a disability of muted focus, it would take them longer to process this cue. As such, Hunter did approach them rather aggressively, so Gigi had to give him an aggressive lion swat to the face when he got within striking distance.
Her clawed slap definitely let Hunter know she was not willing to let him do whatever his instincts were telling him to do. Thankfully, their little altercation helped convince both Hunter and Simba to back off a little and regroup. Yet, again, with their inability to catch on quickly, each of the boys tried the same approach a few more times.
Although no one was injured or in serious danger, it took those few failed approaches before the boys finally caught on and decided to leave the girls alone. Over the next few days, there were more of these awkward interactions, which we monitored very closely. Any time we do introductions of animals, our staff is always situated in numerous locations within the habitat in question.
They utilize our Sanctuary vehicles to remain safe, while also being ready to respond if there is any altercation that may escalate to an unsafe point. If we have a situation where the safety of the animals being introduced is still in question and we have reached the end of the day, we always have a way to separate them for the night. That way, both we and the animals all know the coast is clear, so-to-speak, for the night, and we can resume the introduction process the next day.
In this case, the boys were not being too aggressive, and the girls were more than able to defend themselves to the point of not allowing any physical contact to take place. So, over the next week or so, the process repeated itself until the boys finally got tired of trying that approach. Both Gigi and Xinna seemed to be open to creating a new family pride, but at the same time, they continued to be wary of the boys and their unusual behavior.
Although it was nice to see there were no more issues with aggressive behavior, there were also no interactions for the most part. As the days and weeks went on, it became clear that neither party was interested in furthering their efforts to come together or join camps. Although they would end up near each other in random fashion, they typically just ignored each other’s presence.
Our Animal Care and Veterinary Teams came to the decision that Hunter and Simba’s disabilities were definitely causing the observed disconnect on their part, as well as leading the ladies to remain defensive rather than open-minded and accepting. With a significant amount of time having been given for them to get past these barriers, it was decided the boys would be better off living in a habitat where they would be next to other lions, rather than living in the same habitat as them. As such, both Gigi and Xinna were moved back to their previous habitat with the intention of introducing one or two other male lions that were on the schedule to be rescued within the next month or so.
Hunter and Simba were allowed to remain in their current habitat, since it already had a pride of lions living next door. Thankfully, even though the boys had a hard time interacting directly with Gigi and Xinna… they seemed to enjoy their passive interactions with the male lions that were living next door. Oddly enough, this was likely the result of their tunnel-like vision/attention span, as they would act like they were seeing those boys for the first time with each encounter.
This allowed them to strut and act like wild macho lions would, but with a nice safety barrier between them and the real deal. Once this transition was complete, the boys seemed to be very happy with the outcome, as they began playing a lot more and vocalizing like male lions should. We realized in the end that Hunter and Simba truly do enjoy living within their unique world and have no qualms with the way things turned out.
They are stronger and much more coordinated, in a manner of speaking, than they have ever been before, so we are truly happy with the way things turned out. Since these two endearing souls live in a habitat that is situated along our elevated walkway, it is nice to know that visitors can also see them living and thriving on their own. So, the next time you get a chance to visit, make sure you keep an eye out for the boys and spend a few minutes watching them as they enjoy their new wonderful life at The Wild Animal Sanctuary!
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By Aimee Petersen | Chief Development Officer
By Pat Craig | Executive Director
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